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Bastian Pagez was a French servant and musician at the court of Mary, Queen of Scots. He devised part of the entertainment at the baptism of Prince James at Stirling Castle in 1566. When Mary was exiled in England, Bastian and his family continued in her service. The 19th-century historian Agnes Strickland considered his court role as equivalent to the English Master of the Revels; in England he was Mary's chamber valet and designed her embroidery patterns. ==Christening at Stirling== Bastian is first recorded at the Scottish court in 1565 when Mary and Henry Stewart, Lord Darnley bought him an elaborate and expensive suit of clothes costing over £100 Scots as a mark of their favour.〔''Accounts of the Lord High Treasurer of Scotland'', vol. 11 (1916), p.lxi, 390.〕 James Melville of Halhill wrote in his ''Memoirs'' that Bastian was held responsible for an entertainment in the Great Hall of Stirling Castle which offended the English guests at the baptism of the future James VI. Mary and thirty guests sat at a round table like King Arthur's at the head of the hall. The courses of the dinner were brought up the hall on a moving table, with twelve men dressed as satyrs, with long tails, carrying lighted torches. In their other hand the satyrs carried whips to clear the way in front. When the table reached the stage, the satyrs passed their torches to bystanders. Then six servers dressed as nymphs who had been seated on the moving table, passed the food to the satyrs, who brought the dishes up to the round table on the stage.〔Stevenson, Joseph, ed., ''The History of Mary Stewart by Claude Nau'', (1883), pp.cxlviii-cl, from BL Sloane Mss. 3199 fol.264 and Ashmole. Mss. 840 fol.99, gives these details of the round table and service.〕 Meanwhile, the nymphs and satyrs sang Latin verses specially written by George Buchanan in honour of the food and hosts as the ''gift of the offering of rustic gods to James and his mother.'' Parts of the song were given to the satyrs, nereids, fauns, and naiads who alternately addressed the Queen and Prince, and it was concluded by characters representing the Orkney Islands.〔published title, ''Pompae Deorum Rusticorum dona serentium Jacobo VI & Mariae matri eius, Scotorum Regibus in coena que Regis baptisma est consecuta,'' in (Buchanan, George, ''Omnia Opera,'', vol.2 (1725), p.404-5 ) part translated in (Innes, Thomas, ''A Critical Essay on the Ancient Inhabitants of Scotland, vol.1 (1729), 349-352 )〕 Although the choreography was perfect, when the satyrs first wagged their tails, the Englishmen took it as reference to an old saying that Englishmen had tails. This story of English tails was first set down in the Middle Ages by the chronicle writers William of Malmesbury, Wace, and Layamon in his ''Brut''. The origin was a legend that Saint Austin cursed the Kentish men of Rochester to have rayfish tails, and afterwards they were called ''muggles''.〔(Madden, Frederick, ed., ''Layamon's Brut, or Chronicle of Britain'', vol.3, Society of Antiquaries (1847), pp.185-187 )〕 Polydore Vergil had published a more current version of the ancient legend, writing that the curse applied to the descendants of people from Strood who had cut off the tail of Thomas Becket's horse. From this ancient story it had become proverbial in Europe that all Englishmen had secret tails.〔(Vergil, Polydore, ''Anglica Historia'', (1555), book 13: bilingual version by Dana F. Sutton ): see Bath, Michael, 'Anglici Caudati,' (2011), pp.184-188 for a discussion of the development of this legend of the English tail.〕 Melville criticised the diplomacy of the guests for taking offence, saying they should have pretended not to see the joke. Some of the English guests, including Christopher Hatton, sat down behind the high table to face away from the spectacle, and the Queen and the English ambassador, the Earl of Bedford had to smooth things over. Melville said that Hatton told him he would have stabbed Bastian for the offence, done because Mary, for once, showed more favour to Englishmen rather than the French.〔(Thomson, Thomson, ed., ''Sir James Melvill of Halhill; Memoirs of his own life'', Bannatyne Club (1827) ), pp.171-172〕 The supper with courses served by satyrs was on the 19 December 1566, two days after the baptism of the Prince, according to an English journal of the event. The moving table or stage was drawn up the hall four times for four courses, led by the satyrs. Each time its decorative theme was renewed. It broke during the fifth course.〔Stevenson, Joseph, ed., ''The History of Mary Stewart by Claude Nau'', (1883), pp.cxlviii-cl.〕 Amongst other payments, the royal accounts record that Bastian was given 40 ells of "taffeteis of cord" in three colours for seven (or some) "preparatives" for the baptism. "Preparatives" here may mean "harbingers," the role of the satyrs at the feast, but may just mean the preparations in general.〔''Accounts of the Treasurer of Scotland'', vol.12, (1970), 35, 397: NAS E23/3/18 precept signed by Mary, 3 December at Craigmillar Castle, and by "Bastien Pagez", 5 December, see external links and illustrated in R. K Marshall, ''Mary Queen of Scots'' (NMS Exhibition 2013) no. 145, p.36〕 The detail of the other formal banquet on the day of baptism was described in the manuscript called the ''Diurnal of Occurents''.〔(''A Diurnal of Remarkable Occurents in Scotland'', Bannatyne Club (1833) ), pp.104〕 On the day of the banquet with satyrs, there had been fireworks directed by John Chisholm and the gunners Charles Bordeaux and James Hector with a pageant consisting of an assault on a mock castle by wildmen. The 28 wildmen dressed in goats-skin were fought by fifteen soldiers dressed as landsknechts, moors, and devils, armed with two cannons.〔''Accounts of the Treasurer of Scotland'', vol.12 (1970), pp.58, 405-8〕 However, James's father, Lord Darnley, was estranged from the Queen. He stayed privately in the castle, and the French ambassador Monsieur Le Croc was instructed not to speak to him by Charles IX. On the day of the baptism Le Croc sent a message to Darnley that if he came to his room, he would exit by the other door.〔(Strickland, Agnes, ed., ''Letters of Mary Queen of Scots'', vol.3, (1843), pp.16-17 ), Le Croc to the Bishop of Glasgow, 23 Dec. 1566: in Keith, Robert, ''History of the affairs of church and state in Scotland: from the beginning of the reformation to the year 1568'', vol.1, Spottiswoode Society, (1844), pp.xcvii-xcviii: Buchanan, George, ''Ane detectioun of the doingis of Marie Quene of Scottis'' (1572)〕 On the night of the murder of Lord Darnley, it was recorded that Mary left his bedside early to attend a dance for Bastian's marriage. While some contemporary polemicists and previous writers had considered it surprising that she left the Kirk o'Field lodging to attend a servant's wedding, the historian Michael Lynch noted that she left to attend celebrations that were, "not those of an obscure servant but of the architect of the Stirling triumph."〔Lynch, Michael, ''Scotland, a New History'', Pimlico (1992), 217.〕 As the biographer Antonia Fraser put it, his masque was of special importance to Mary, "in view of the fact that he had designed one for her only six weeks previously."〔Fraser, Antonia, ''Mary Queen of Scots'', Weidenfield & Nicolson, London (1969), 297.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bastian Pagez」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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